Effect of Weather Conditions, Location and Fertilization on Coriander Fruit Essential Oil Quality

Coriander was grown for seed in the field experiment conducted on three localities during two years by applying six different fertilization regimes. There were 11 compounds identified in the coriander essential oil by GC-MS. The main component was linalool with 73.23%, followed by α-pinene (8.43%), γterpinene (7.64%), camphor (3.07%), limonene (1.78%) and geranyl acetate (1.57%), while other compounds (camphene, p-cymene, β-pinene, myrcene and sabinene) were present in less than 1%. The content of all compounds was strongly influenced by weather conditions during the year, while the application of different fertilizers significantly influenced the content of linalool, α-pinene, γ-terpinene and limonene. However, the influence of location was not statistically significant. It can be concluded that growing coriander in dry climate is more favorable for linalool accumulation in essential oil than moderate to humid climate. Also, fertilization positively influences linalool content in coriander essential oil.