Development of Situation Awareness by Interactive Crew Resource Management

CRM (Crew Resource Management) has been widely applied in the field of aviation. Both early and recent CRM literature emphasizes that aviation personnel must be trained. During ground training courses, aviation personnel, especially flight crew members, are trained in cockpit management via verbal concepts. The final goal of CRM training course, such as IATA, the 6th generation of TEM (Threat & Error Management), is continuingly developing new knowledge and philosophy to reduce the number of aircraft incidents and accidents caused by human errors. This paper develops a CRM interactive querying model to enhance a helicopter pilot's SA (Situation Awareness) effectively. To validate this concept, after helicopter missions have been completed, the SART (Situation Awareness Rating Technique) subjective assessment method is used to evaluate the improvement of pilot's SA. Results show that interactive querying of pilots with CRM concepts can directly enhance pilots' levels of SA, and can indirectly enhance CRM.