Relativistic Plasma Physics. Relativistic Hydrodynamics and Astrophysical Jets.

Relativistic flows have been observed in jets and gamma-ray bursts. Such phenomena are not fully understood. In order to study such flows, we need to consider relativistic effects. In this paper, we first explain relativistic hydrodynamic equations. Some characteristics relativistic flows are discussed, namely, the adiabatic exponent and sound speed for high temperature fluid, and shock jump conditions. Second, we show relativistic jets as an example of relativistic flows. Observations of jets and theoretical models for acceleration, collimation, and propagation of jets are given.