Romanian, Istro-Romanian, Megleno-Romanian, and Aromanian

Abstract This chapter covers history and major dialects divisions; vowels; consonants; prosody and syllable structure; orthography and writing systems; forms and functions of nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and verbs; inflectional morphology of nouns and verbs; patterns of allomorphy; nominal inflection ; case- and number-marking; gender, gender-marking, the ‘neuter’; vocative; morphology of personal pronouns; clitics and their collocation; address pronouns and related phenomena; demonstratives and articles; forms and functions of verbs; inflection classes; tense, mood, person, and number; synthetic and periphrastic forms; aspect-marking in Istro-Romanian and other sub-Danubian dialects; Megleno-Romanian evidentials; non-finite forms and their functions: past participles, supines, gerunds, infinitives; ‘feminization’ of the non-finite; derivational morphology; comparatives and superlatives; syntax of the noun phrase; adjective position; possessive constructions and ‘possessive’ article al; word order in the sentence; negation; interrogation; subordination and complementizers; infinitives vs subjunctives in subordinate clauses; relative clauses; causatives; object marking; coordinators; adverb position.