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Pathophysiology of Basal Ganglia Disorders

Jau‐Shin Lou

Abstract

Abstract Parkinson's disease is the most common basal ganglia disorder that is caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. This article reviews the normal physiology of the basal ganglia in the normal state, as well as the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other movement disorders associated with the basal ganglia. Also discussed is the pathophysiological basis for the surgical treatment of PD.

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Key concepts: Basal ganglia, Substantia nigra, Pathophysiology, Parkinson's disease, Neuroscience, Movement disorders, Basal ganglia disease, Dopaminergic