Pharmacology of azole antifungal agents

The azole antifungal agents are the most widely used antifungal agents in human medicine. While these all share common structural characteristics, each differs in spectrum of activity, kinetic properties, safety and tolerability as well as drug-drug interaction profiles. An understanding of these important similarities and differences is essential to the appropriate use of these agents. In this chapter, the currently available systemic azole antifungal agents will be reviewed in detail for spectrum of activity. Where possible, key characteristics such as absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination will be compared and contrasted between agents. Available data on drug toxicity and key monitoring parameters, including therapeutic drug monitoring, are also discussed.