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Chapter 20 The fetus

Christine Conner

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Abstract

Oxygen and nutrients are brought to the placenta by the maternal uteroplacental circulation, with delivery to the fetus by the separate fetoplacental circulation. At birth, a rapid sequence of cardiovascular and respiratory events occur to enable the newborn to switch from placenta to lungs for effective gaseous exchange. This sequence results in the transition from a fetal to an adult pattern of circulation. The partial pressure of oxygen within the umbilical vein at term is between 30 and 40mmHg. To meet its tissue oxygen requirements at this relatively low pO2, the fetus has made adaptations to hypoxia. Obstetric patients are risk stratified at booking into two main groups:

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What this paper is about

Oxygen and nutrients are brought to the placenta by the maternal uteroplacental circulation, with delivery to the fetus by the separate fetoplacental circulation. At birth, a rapid sequence of cardiovascular and respiratory events occur to enable the newborn to switch from placenta to lungs for effective gaseous exchange. This sequence results in the transition from a fetal to an adult pattern of circulation. The partial pressure of oxygen within the umbilical vein at term is between 30 and 40mmHg. To meet its tissue oxygen requirements at this relatively low pO2, the fetus has made adaptations to hypoxia. Obstetric patients are risk stratified at booking into two main groups:

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Available abstract

Oxygen and nutrients are brought to the placenta by the maternal uteroplacental circulation, with delivery to the fetus by the separate fetoplacental circulation. At birth, a rapid sequence of cardiovascular and respiratory events occur to enable the newborn to switch from placenta to lungs for effective gaseous exchange. This sequence results in the transition from a fetal to an adult pattern of circulation. The partial pressure of oxygen within the umbilical vein at term is between 30 and 40mmHg. To meet its tissue oxygen requirements at this relatively low pO2, the fetus has made adaptations to hypoxia. Obstetric patients are risk stratified at booking into two main groups:

Key concepts: Fetus, Fetal circulation, Placental Circulation, Placenta, In utero, Hypoxia (environmental), Umbilical vein, Medicine

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