Examples and Worked Solutions

1. Explain, with the aid of circuit and timing diagrams, the operation of an RS flip-flop phase detector and a dual D-type phase/frequency detector. Include sketches of the phase detector characteristics in your explanation. Derive an expression describing the characteristic of the phase/frequency detector when the input signals are of different frequencies. Also, derive a corresponding expression for the RS phase detector characteristic with input signals of different frequencies and use this to explain why loops incorporating phase/frequency detectors have superior acquisition performance.