Mountain pine beetle dynamics in lodgepole pine forests : part III : sampling and modeling of mountain pine beetle populations /

tfie Population Dynamics of the Mountain Pine Beetle research work unit in Ogden, UT.This unit, started in I960 under his direction, conducted the early research groundwork on the mountain pine beetle.Prior to this assignment, he did population dynamics research, control, and survey work on the spruce budworm and pine butterfly in southern Idaho.He did biological research and survey data collection on the spruce bark beetle in Fort Collins, CO.He began his career with Forest Insect Investigations, Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, as supervisory control and sur- vey aid in Berkeley, CA.GENE D. AMMAN is project leader of the Population Dynamics of the Mountain Pine Beetle research work unit in Ogden, UT.He joined the work unit in 1966.Prior to joining the Intermountain Station, he was research entomologist with the Southeastern Forest Experiment Station in Asheville, NC, doing biological control and ecological research on the balsam woolly aphid.He began his career with the Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station in Fort Collins, CO, as research assistant on sampling populations and mortality factors of mountain pine beetle and spruce bark beetle.CHESTER E. JENSEN (retired) served as principal statistician for the Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station from 1967 to 1980.He held the same position at the Northeastern and Central States Forest Experiment Stations prior to coming to the Intermountain Station.Much of this work is original research by the authors.However, published literature on sampling and modeling of mountain pine beetle populations is reviewed primarily for epidemic beetle populations in lodgepole pine forests.Sampling methods are availa- ble for within-tree populations of beetles, for ground surveys of tree losses in stands, and for aerial surveys to estimate tree losses over large areas.Models are presented for beetle survival, beetle dispersion, beetle aggregation, lodgepole pine stand-beetle interactions, and rate of tree loss to improve existing risk-rating models.