1987•South African Journal of BotanyOpen access

A classification of the subtropical transitional thicket in the eastern Cape, based on syntaxonomic and structural attributes

D. A. Everard

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Abstract

Subtropical transitional thicket, traditionally known as valley bushveld, covers a significant proportion of the eastern Cape. This paper attempts to classify the subtropical transitional thicket into syntaxonomic and structural units and relate it to other thicket types on a continental basis. Twelve sites along a rainfall gradient were sampled for floristic and structural attributes. The floristic data were classified using TWINSPAN. Results indicate that the class subtropical transitional thicket has at least two orders of vegetation, namely kaffrarian thicket and kaffrarian succulent thicket. Two forms of thicket were recognized for both these orders viz. mesic kaffrarian thicket and xeric kaffrarian thicket for the kaffrarian thicket and mesic succulent thicket and xeric succulent thicket for the kaffrarian succulent thicket. Ordination of site data by DECORANA grouped sites according to these vegetation categories and in a sequence along axis 1 to which the rainfall gradient can be clearly related. Variation within the mesic kaffrarian thicket was however greater than between some of the other thicket types, indicating that more data are required before these forms of thicket can be formalized. Composition, endemism, diversity and the environmental controls on the distribution of the thicket types are discussed. ’n Aansienlike gedeelte van die Oos-Kaap word beslaan deur subtropiese oorgangsruigte, wat tradisioneel as valleibosveld bekend is. Hierdie studie is ’n poging om subtropiese oorgangsruigte in sintaksonomiese en strukturele eenhede te klassifiseer en dit op ’n kontinentale basis in verband met ander ruigtetipes te bring. Opnames vir floristiese en strukturele eienskappe is op twaalf persele langs ’n reënval-gradient gedoen. Die floristiese gegewens was met behulp van TWINSPAN geklassifiseer. Resultate dui aan dat die klas subtropiese oorgangsruigte uit ten minstens twee ordes plantegroei, naamlik kaffrariese ruigte en kaffrariese sukkulenteruigte bestaan. Twee soorte ruigte was vir elke van die twee ordes herken. Die kaffrariese ruigte bestaan uit mesiese kaffrariese ruigte en xeriese kaffrariese ruigte, terwyl die kaffrariese sukkulenteruigte uit mesiese sukkulenteruigte en xeriese sukkulenteruigte bestaan. Ordening van data deur DECORANA het die persele van hierdie plantegroeitipes in ’n gradient langs as 1 gerangskik. Die reënvalgradient word langs hierdie gradient verteenwoordig. Variasie binne die mesiese kaffrariese ruigte was groter as tussen sommige van die ander ruigtetipes wat aantoon dat meer gegewens hier benodig word voordat hierdie tipes ruigte geformaliseer kan word. Samestelling, endemisme, diversiteit en die invloed van die omgewing op die verspreiding van die ruigtetipes is bespreek.

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Subtropical transitional thicket, traditionally known as valley bushveld, covers a significant proportion of the eastern Cape. This paper attempts to classify the subtropical transitional thicket into syntaxonomic and structural units and relate it to other thicket types on a continental basis. Twelve sites along a rainfall gradient were sampled for floristic and structural attributes. The floristic data were classified using TWINSPAN. Results indicate that the class subtropical transitional thicket has at least two orders of vegetation, namely kaffrarian thicket and kaffrarian succulent thicket. Two forms of thicket were recognized for both these orders viz. mesic kaffrarian thicket and xeric kaffrarian thicket for the kaffrarian thicket and mesic succulent thicket and xeric succulent thicket for the kaffrarian succulent thicket. Ordination of site data by DECORANA grouped sites according to these vegetation categories and in a sequence along axis 1 to which the rainfall gradient can be clearly related. Variation within the mesic kaffrarian thicket was however greater than between some of the other thicket types, indicating that more data are required before these forms of thicket can be formalized. Composition, endemism, diversity and the environmental controls on the distribution of the thicket types are discussed. ’n Aansienlike gedeelte van die Oos-Kaap word beslaan deur subtropiese oorgangsruigte, wat tradisioneel as valleibosveld bekend is. Hierdie studie is ’n poging om subtropiese oorgangsruigte in sintaksonomiese en strukturele eenhede te klassifiseer en dit op ’n kontinentale basis in verband met ander ruigtetipes te bring. Opnames vir floristiese en strukturele eienskappe is op twaalf persele langs ’n reënval-gradient gedoen. Die floristiese gegewens was met behulp van TWINSPAN geklassifiseer. Resultate dui aan dat die klas subtropiese oorgangsruigte uit ten minstens twee ordes plantegroei, naamlik kaffrariese ruigte en kaffrariese sukkulenteruigte bestaan. Twee soorte ruigte was vir elke van die twee ordes herken. Die kaffrariese ruigte bestaan uit mesiese kaffrariese ruigte en xeriese kaffrariese ruigte, terwyl die kaffrariese sukkulenteruigte uit mesiese sukkulenteruigte en xeriese sukkulenteruigte bestaan. Ordening van data deur DECORANA het die persele van hierdie plantegroeitipes in ’n gradient langs as 1 gerangskik. Die reënvalgradient word langs hierdie gradient verteenwoordig. Variasie binne die mesiese kaffrariese ruigte was groter as tussen sommige van die ander ruigtetipes wat aantoon dat meer gegewens hier benodig word voordat hierdie tipes ruigte geformaliseer kan word. Samestelling, endemisme, diversiteit en die invloed van die omgewing op die verspreiding van die ruigtetipes is bespreek.

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Available abstract

Subtropical transitional thicket, traditionally known as valley bushveld, covers a significant proportion of the eastern Cape. This paper attempts to classify the subtropical transitional thicket into syntaxonomic and structural units and relate it to other thicket types on a continental basis. Twelve sites along a rainfall gradient were sampled for floristic and structural attributes. The floristic data were classified using TWINSPAN. Results indicate that the class subtropical transitional thicket has at least two orders of vegetation, namely kaffrarian thicket and kaffrarian succulent thicket. Two forms of thicket were recognized for both these orders viz. mesic kaffrarian thicket and xeric kaffrarian thicket for the kaffrarian thicket and mesic succulent thicket and xeric succulent thicket for the kaffrarian succulent thicket. Ordination of site data by DECORANA grouped sites according to these vegetation categories and in a sequence along axis 1 to which the rainfall gradient can be clearly related. Variation within the mesic kaffrarian thicket was however greater than between some of the other thicket types, indicating that more data are required before these forms of thicket can be formalized. Composition, endemism, diversity and the environmental controls on the distribution of the thicket types are discussed. ’n Aansienlike gedeelte van die Oos-Kaap word beslaan deur subtropiese oorgangsruigte, wat tradisioneel as valleibosveld bekend is. Hierdie studie is ’n poging om subtropiese oorgangsruigte in sintaksonomiese en strukturele eenhede te klassifiseer en dit op ’n kontinentale basis in verband met ander ruigtetipes te bring. Opnames vir floristiese en strukturele eienskappe is op twaalf persele langs ’n reënval-gradient gedoen. Die floristiese gegewens was met behulp van TWINSPAN geklassifiseer. Resultate dui aan dat die klas subtropiese oorgangsruigte uit ten minstens twee ordes plantegroei, naamlik kaffrariese ruigte en kaffrariese sukkulenteruigte bestaan. Twee soorte ruigte was vir elke van die twee ordes herken. Die kaffrariese ruigte bestaan uit mesiese kaffrariese ruigte en xeriese kaffrariese ruigte, terwyl die kaffrariese sukkulenteruigte uit mesiese sukkulenteruigte en xeriese sukkulenteruigte bestaan. Ordening van data deur DECORANA het die persele van hierdie plantegroeitipes in ’n gradient langs as 1 gerangskik. Die reënvalgradient word langs hierdie gradient verteenwoordig. Variasie binne die mesiese kaffrariese ruigte was groter as tussen sommige van die ander ruigtetipes wat aantoon dat meer gegewens hier benodig word voordat hierdie tipes ruigte geformaliseer kan word. Samestelling, endemisme, diversiteit en die invloed van die omgewing op die verspreiding van die ruigtetipes is bespreek.

Key concepts: Thicket, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Ordination, Floristics, Ecology, Geography, Subtropics, Vegetation (pathology)

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