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1991•CSSA special publication - Crop Science Society of AmericaRequires access

Genetic Resources of Oats

K. J. Frey

Open publisher page 16 citations

Abstract

The U.S. World Oat Collection contains more than 20000 accessions, and a quarter of these belong to wild and weedy species. Knowledge about the genomic relationships among oat species and ploidy levels is critical to utilizing all Avena germplasm for improving oat as a crop. Oat breeding in the USA consisted of pure-line selection from land cultivars introduced from Europe. Most oat germplasm utilized and developed in the USA until 1970 can be traced to seven land cultivars introduced by European colonists. Germplasm used to develop the oat crop in Europe was a small sample of the genetic variability available in A. Sterilis, the wild progenitor of cultivated oats. The utilization of A. Fatua and A. Sterilis as germplasm donors to cultivated oat gene pools is routine because all hexaploid oat species share chromosome homology. Oat breeders need to continue to introgress genes from A. Sterilis to provide genetic variability for the future.

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What this paper is about

The U.S. World Oat Collection contains more than 20000 accessions, and a quarter of these belong to wild and weedy species. Knowledge about the genomic relationships among oat species and ploidy levels is critical to utilizing all Avena germplasm for improving oat as a crop. Oat breeding in the USA consisted of pure-line selection from land cultivars introduced from Europe. Most oat germplasm utilized and developed in the USA until 1970 can be traced to seven land cultivars introduced by European colonists. Germplasm used to develop the oat crop in Europe was a small sample of the genetic variability available in A. Sterilis, the wild progenitor of cultivated oats. The utilization of A. Fatua and A. Sterilis as germplasm donors to cultivated oat gene pools is routine because all hexaploid oat species share chromosome homology. Oat breeders need to continue to introgress genes from A. Sterilis to provide genetic variability for the future.

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Available abstract

The U.S. World Oat Collection contains more than 20000 accessions, and a quarter of these belong to wild and weedy species. Knowledge about the genomic relationships among oat species and ploidy levels is critical to utilizing all Avena germplasm for improving oat as a crop. Oat breeding in the USA consisted of pure-line selection from land cultivars introduced from Europe. Most oat germplasm utilized and developed in the USA until 1970 can be traced to seven land cultivars introduced by European colonists. Germplasm used to develop the oat crop in Europe was a small sample of the genetic variability available in A. Sterilis, the wild progenitor of cultivated oats. The utilization of A. Fatua and A. Sterilis as germplasm donors to cultivated oat gene pools is routine because all hexaploid oat species share chromosome homology. Oat breeders need to continue to introgress genes from A. Sterilis to provide genetic variability for the future.

Key concepts: Germplasm, Biology, Avena fatua, Gene pool, Avena, Agronomy, Cultivar, Crop

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