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2016•Journal of Fundamentals of Renewable Energy and ApplicationsOpen access

Developments on Small-Scale Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) Systems

George M. Kosmadakis, Dimitris Manolakos

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Abstract

The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology is perhaps the most suitable technology for heat recovery applications from sources of low temperature (even lower than 100°C) [1], while it can also be used for temperatures up to about 300°C with a variety of scale (from the kW up to the MW scale). At low temperatures its efficiency is usually in the range of 4-6 %, but still there are cases where it can be cost effective, especially for waste heat recovery thus improving the overall process/ system energy efficiency. The main advantage at this low temperature range is the simple and low-cost heat source circuit and simple ORC configuration [2,3] (i.e. single expansion machine and no internal heat exchangers).

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What this paper is about

The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology is perhaps the most suitable technology for heat recovery applications from sources of low temperature (even lower than 100°C) [1], while it can also be used for temperatures up to about 300°C with a variety of scale (from the kW up to the MW scale). At low temperatures its efficiency is usually in the range of 4-6 %, but still there are cases where it can be cost effective, especially for waste heat recovery thus improving the overall process/ system energy efficiency. The main advantage at this low temperature range is the simple and low-cost heat source circuit and simple ORC configuration [2,3] (i.e. single expansion machine and no internal heat exchangers).

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Available abstract

The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology is perhaps the most suitable technology for heat recovery applications from sources of low temperature (even lower than 100°C) [1], while it can also be used for temperatures up to about 300°C with a variety of scale (from the kW up to the MW scale). At low temperatures its efficiency is usually in the range of 4-6 %, but still there are cases where it can be cost effective, especially for waste heat recovery thus improving the overall process/ system energy efficiency. The main advantage at this low temperature range is the simple and low-cost heat source circuit and simple ORC configuration [2,3] (i.e. single expansion machine and no internal heat exchangers).

Key concepts: Organic Rankine cycle, Degree Rankine, Scale (ratio), Process engineering, Environmental science, Engineering, Waste management, Biochemical engineering

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