Critical Discourse Analysis of 20:30 News Broadcasting

AbstractToday Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is considered as one of the dynamic research fields in Social Science, Political Science, Sociology and Linguistics. In Critical discourse analysis, some issues as power relationships, manipulation, Hegemony, dominance and justice are analyzed. Critical discourse analyst assumes some kind of responsibility for herself, a responsibility for rescuing people in the national and international Level. This study attempts at revealing the problem that how Linguistic and non-Linguistic ideological structures are represented in 20:30 news broadcasting and in doing so, what kind of explanation a critical discourse analyst presents considering these Linguistic and non-linguistic ideological structures employed in 20:30 news broadcasting. The result of this research can throw Lights upon mind and show the way to the audience to what she hears as news broadcasting and also can be treated as a model for the whatever suitable presentation of news by the editors-in-chief and by those who are involved in news broadcasting. It should be stressed that this research tries to have a role, though trivial, in improving critical thinking skill as one of the most prominent ones.Key words: Critical discourse Analysis, Hegemony, Ideology, critical thinking1. IntroductionCritical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is considered as a new approach in the domain of discourse analysis which analyzes and divulges the hidden ideology and power relationships in a text. In this area of discourse analysis, analyst's main concern is to divulge those inequalities, crisis, and misuses of power and discriminations which are reproduced, legitimized and/or administered by a specific discourse. In this approach, there is a strong belief that texts are not innocent of ideological implications, rather report events through the lens of specific standpoint; that is, It is possible to scrupulously investigate the hidden ideology in diverse texts. In Critical Discourse Analysis, It is strongly recommended that language of a media is not a transparent and placid medium; rather, a distorted reporting of events. CD A, through its critical stance, analyzes any text. This study is an attempt to show how ideological linguistic and non-linguistic cues are represented in 20:30 news broadcasting and what kind of explanation CDA presents. Critical analyst, unlike previous traditional scholars in the area of discourse analysis, does not confine herself and is not trapped in the labyrinth of methods and theories, but chooses an interdisciplinary approach .that is, Critical Discourse Analysis aims at reconciling different scientific domains including semiotics, sociology, communication science and linguistics. In the viewpoint of the writer, when diverse sciences are integrated, creativity would emerge and this would, inevitably, led to new discoveries and achievements.2. Review of related literatureAlthough there are diverse approaches in Critical Discourse Analysis, Fairclough's Dialectic relational approach (1985,1999,1989b,2001), Van Dijk's socio-cognitive approach (1993,1995,2000,2004,2006,2008), Wodak's Discourse historical approach (2001,2009) are among the most outstanding and influential ones. However, Van Dijk unlike other outstanding characters in the field considers the cognitive aspect of discourse and in his analysis of pays attention to three aspects of discourse, cognition, society simultaneously and integrates them. Thus, his approach is an appropriate one to analyze media and to investigate dominant ideology which is hidden in a text. In this research, following Van Dijk's (2004) model, It is strongly held that It is the context and meaning of a discourse which expresses ideology, not the form and structure of that specific discourse. In this section, ideological analytic categories have been described adapting Van Dijk's (2000) model.Actor descriptionActor might be described as a group member or as a specific individual. …