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2016•Clinical Pulmonary MedicineRequires access

Inhalation Antibiotics in Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP): Drugs, Devices, and Evidence

Rogier A.S. Hoek, Diederik A M P J Gommers, Damian C. Melles∗, Mireille van Westreenen, Nicole Hunfeld, Pieter L. A. Fraaij, Henk C. Hoogsteden, Johan Groeneveld, Menno M. van der Eerden

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Abstract

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is still one of the most frequent nosocomial infections. It is associated with a prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stay, high mortality rates, and additional health care costs. Despite the availability of modern intensive care unit care and antibiotics, the overall clinical cure rate for VAP in randomized clinical trials is low, especially in the presence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens. Therefore, many clinicians explore the use of inhalation antibiotics in the treatment of VAP. This review focuses on the currently available inhalation antibiotics for VAP and different types of nebulizers for the administration of antibiotics.

About this research paper

What this paper is about

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is still one of the most frequent nosocomial infections. It is associated with a prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stay, high mortality rates, and additional health care costs. Despite the availability of modern intensive care unit care and antibiotics, the overall clinical cure rate for VAP in randomized clinical trials is low, especially in the presence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens. Therefore, many clinicians explore the use of inhalation antibiotics in the treatment of VAP. This review focuses on the currently available inhalation antibiotics for VAP and different types of nebulizers for the administration of antibiotics.

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Available abstract

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is still one of the most frequent nosocomial infections. It is associated with a prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stay, high mortality rates, and additional health care costs. Despite the availability of modern intensive care unit care and antibiotics, the overall clinical cure rate for VAP in randomized clinical trials is low, especially in the presence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens. Therefore, many clinicians explore the use of inhalation antibiotics in the treatment of VAP. This review focuses on the currently available inhalation antibiotics for VAP and different types of nebulizers for the administration of antibiotics.

Key concepts: Medicine, Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Antibiotics, Intensive care medicine, Pneumonia, Inhalation, Intensive care unit, Intensive care

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Inhalation Antibiotics in Ventilator-associated Pneumonia (VAP): Drugs, Devices, and Evidence — Research Paper | ScholarLens