ABO and Rh- D Blood Group Distribution among Blood Donors at a Tertiary Level Hospital in North Assam

Background: ABO and Rhesus (Rh)-D blood group antigens are genetically determined integrated parts of the red blood cell membrane.They are hereditary characters and are useful in compatibility test in blood transfusion and organ transplant practices.They show a wide geographical and racial variation.The knowledge of ABO and Rh-D blood groups distribution among different population is essential in health care and transfusion practices.Materials and Methods: ABO and Rh-D grouping were done in 10,200 blood donors in the Blood Bank, Tezpur Medical College and Hospital, Tezpur, Assam.Data on the frequency of ABO and Rh-D blood groups were reported in simple numbers and percentages. Results and observations:The study revealed blood group O to be the commonest at 37.65% followed by blood group B at 32.0%, blood group A at 24.80% and blood group AB at 5.55%.The Rh-D positive phenotype was 96.86% and remaining 3.14% was Rh-D negative.Conclusion: The present study provides information about the distribution of the ABO and Rh-D blood groups in North Assam, which may be helpful in effective management of regional blood transfusion service of the area.