Synthesis of Poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene terephthalate) (PBST) Copolyesters with High Molecular Weights via Direct Esterification and Polycondensation

In this article, biodegradable poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene terephthalate) (PBST) copolyesters with high molecular weights were synthesized by direct esterification and polycondensation route. The reaction conditions and catalytic systems were investigated in detail. Through balancing the reaction efficiency and the costs of reactants, the proper molar ratio of diol to diacid was determined. Titanium tetra isopropoxide (TTiPO) was found to be an effective catalyst both in esterification and polycondensation reaction, and its content was optimized based on the esterification ratio and amount of formed by-products. The complex reaction was determined to be the dominant catalytic reaction mechanism. By importing the additives of metal oxides coupled with TTiPO, the weight-average molecular weights of PBST increased sharply from 8.51 x 10(4) to 14.38 x 10(4), manifesting the additives promoted the polymerization reaction greatly. The enhancement of carbonyl polarization and provision of suitable reaction space arose from the metal oxides were the reasons for promoting the polymerization reaction. With respect to thermal properties, the same melting point and heat of fusion were found, while thermal stability increased with the import of additives. The result was prone to be interpreted by the higher molecular weights of PBST in the presence of additives. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 115: 2203-2211, 2010