Investigation of the Effect of Soil and Wall Interaction on the displacement of Retaining Walls Using Finite Element Method

In this article, the effect of soil and wall interaction was investigated by finite element method. Eleven different models, with different foundations were studied. These studies can estimate displacement at any height of the wall for frictional-sticky soils. The main purpose of the present study was to determine the best conditions for the anchor and foundation of the wall to reduce wall displacement. Comparing the results of different models show that the overall increase in the depth and length of the foundation can reduce wall displacement. Greater effect in the reduction of wall displacement can be observed when the foundation is on the front of the wall compared to the condition when the embankment is behind the wall. Based on the results, two types of displacement are observed: Overturning and Bulging. The results show that clamping the wall base and disregarding the impact of the wall foundation produce unrealistic results. The advantage of this study is in considering all parameters of the soil and wall.