The effect of ponalrestat on sorbitol levels in the lens of obese and diabetic mice.

Sorbitol levels were determined in lens of genetically obese (ob/ob) and diabetic (db/db) mice, as well as in lean mice (+/db, +/ob) made diabetic by administration of streptozotocin (STZ). Treatment of lean mice with STZ resulted in hypoinsulinemia, whereas the ob/ob and db/db mice were hyperinsulinemic. Hyperglycemia was present in STZ-treated +/db and +/ob mice and in db/db mice, whereas relative euglycemia was observed in ob/ob mice and untreated +/db and +/ob mice. Sorbitol levels were elevated in lens tissue of db/db mice and STZ-treated +/db. In contrast, no changes in sorbitol content were observed in ob/ob mice and +/ob mice treated with STZ, suggesting that aldose reductase activity in lens of this animal model is considerably less than that present in db/db mice. Oral treatment of db/db mice and STZ-treated +/db mice with Ponalrestat reduced hyperglycemia-induced sorbitol accumulation significantly in lens, indicating that aldose reductase inhibitors may ameliorate long-term complications associated with sorbitol accumulation in diabetes.