[Long-term results following tympanoplasty in complete atelectasis of the tympanum].

24 patients with complete tympanal atelectasis were followed up for at least 7 years after tympanoplasty. The operation was done by the intact canal technique, the eardrum and ossicles were reconstructed. In 10 of the 24 patients the tympanic membrane remained intact and the tympanUM was aerated for over 7 years; in 8 patients postoperative retraction of the tympanic membrane was prevented by grommets. Atelectasis recurred in the remaining 6 patients. Even in normal tube function and normal middle ear pressure these recurrences may develop. In these cases histological studies have shown a change in eardrum elasticity. In most of the cases followed up, social hearing was sufficient for more than 7 years. Even though the long-term results of the operation are satisfactory, when tympanoplasty is indicated it must be kept in mind that there is a high percentage of recurrence in all patients, even in those with normal tube function. A prerequisite for long-term success is that the patient accepts follow-up observation for a matter of years. Otherwise therapeutic alternatives to tympanoplasty (e.g. tympanoplasty of Type IV) must be considered.