Experiments with Microcontrollers

This book addresses the experimental needs of the students/ researchers/teachers of various disciplines in science, engineering, and technology on microcontrollers at the graduate and post-graduate level. One of the most widely produced and used microcontrollers in the world is the 8051 and is the most popular to study. Hence, the Intel 8051/89C51 microcontroller is chosen to design the experiments/projects. The basic knowledge of 8051 microcontroller viz., architecture and its instruction set required to understand the experiments is given in the book. This book is organized into three parts. Part I deals with the software experiments - addition, subtraction, multiplication, code conversion etc. All the software programs are written in assembly language. Part II describes the hardware experiments. Some of the hardware experiments are designed with microcontroller kits and many are discussed with 89C51 microcontroller alone. Every experiment is written in such way that an experimenter need not require additional information to perform the experiment. In most of the experiments both assembly language and embedded C programs are given. Part III deals with the complete projects. These projects are related to the applications of microcontroller either for measuring and/or controlling a parameter. The salient features and descriptions of sensors/transducers, signal conditioning elements and actuators are provided wherever it is necessary. PART I Software Experiments / Assembly language program (ALP) for addition of two 16-bit numbers / Assembly language program for subtraction of a 16-bit number from a 16-bit number / Assembly language program for multiplication of 16-bit number with an 8-bit number / Assembly language program for dividing a 16-bit number with an 8-bit number / Assembly language program for multiplication of a 16- bit number with a 16-bit number / Assembly language program for dividing a 16-bit number with a 16-bit number / Assembly language program to convert 5 digit unpacked BCD number into corresponding HEX number / Assembly language program to convert HEX number into corresponding BCD number / Assembly language program for arranging the given data in ascending order / Assembly language program for arranging the given data in descending order PART II Hardware Experiments / To interface a binary counter display with microcontroller / To interface a seven segment display with microcontroller / To interface a multiplexed display with microcontroller / To interface a stepper motor with microcontroller and / To rotate the stepper motor in clockwise and counter clockwise directions with full step (1.8) and half step (0.9) angles / To interface an 8-bit D/A converter MC1408 with microcontroller / To convert digital data into corresponding analog voltage and / To generate waveforms viz. square, rectangular, ramp and triangle / To construct an A/D converter using D/A converter by successive approximation technique / To interface an 8-bit A/D converter ADC0809 with microcontroller / To interface Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) module with microcontroller and display labels on it / To interface an 8-bit A/D converter ADC0809 with microcontroller and / To measure the analog voltage and display the same on LCD module / To interface a 12 bit A/D converter AD1674 with microcontroller / To measure the analog voltage and display it on LCD module / To interface a 16-bit A/D converter AD976 and / To measure the analog voltage and display same on LCD module / To interface a 12-bit dual slope A/D converter ICL7109 with microcontroller and / To measure the analog voltage and display the same on LCD module / To interface 4 digit A/D converter ICL7135 with microcontroller and / To measure analog voltage and display on LCD module / To measure temperature of water bath / To measure the frequency of a TTL signal / T