Modifications of the sinusoidal barrier in a model of postsinusoidal hypertension in the rat. An ultrastructural study of endothelial cells.

Sinusoids and sinusoidal cells were examined by light and electron microscopy, using a rat model of postsinusoidal hypertension. One month after partial ligation of the vena cava (PLVC) above the hepatic veins, subcapsular hemorrhagic areas were visible with proliferation of hepatic veins; in non hemorrhagic areas, sinusoidal congestion was found. Postsinusoidal hypertension led to a significant increase in sinusoidal volume and to major abnormalities of the endothelium such as endothelial processes and pouches with numerous diaphragmed fenestrae; some red blood cells could be seen in these pouches. Endothelial cells sent out processes in between hepatocytes. Complete and incomplete pseudo-neolumens were found near sinusoids. Numerous Kupffer cells were located either in the sinusoidal barrier or infiltrating the Disse space close to extravasated red blood cells and perisinusoidal cell processes. 18 months after PLVC, lesions were much the same except for the presence of red blood cells in the Disse space.