Granisetron/dexamethasone combination for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after thyroidectomy.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of granisetron plus dexamethasone for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after thyroidectomy. In a prospective, randomized, double-blind study, 130 female patients received either granisetron 40 micrograms/kg or granisetron 40 micrograms/kg plus dexamethasone 8 mg intravenously immediately before the induction of anaesthesia (n = 65 in each group). A standard general anaesthetic technique was used. A complete response (no PONV, no rescue) during the first three hours after anaesthesia occurred in 85% of patients with granisetron alone and 98% with granisetron plus dexamethasone; the corresponding incidence for the period 3 to 24 hours after anaesthesia was 86% and 98% (P < 0.05; Fisher's exact probability test). No clinically serious adverse events were observed in any of the groups. In conclusion, prophylactic use of granisetron/dexamethasone combination is more effective than granisetron alone for preventing PONV in women undergoing thyroidectomy.