Research on shoot number,fruit yield and quality of high-spindle apple trees

【Objective】Research on the difference of shoot number,fruit yield and quality of high-spindle apple trees in different canopy locations was conducted to provide support for popularization and cultivation of high-spindle apple trees.【Method】10-11-year-old'Liquan Fuji'high-spindle apple trees were used as experimental materials.Their canopy was divided into inner and outer horizontally,as well as top,middle and bottom vertically.The number of shoots and the leaf photosynthetic character,fruit yield and quality in different parts of canopy were measured.【Result】The result showed that the number of boughs increased from bottom to top,but the length,size,angle of boughs decreased gradually;Total shoots were 1 100 000/hm2,the ratio of long shoots,medium shoots and spur shoots'number was 1:1:8;The difference of net photosynthetic rate of outer leaves was not significant,apparently higher than the inner leaf whose net photosynthetic rate decreased from top to bottom.The top leaves located in outer canopy had the highest transpiration rate.The middle,bottom ones in outer canopy and the top in the inner of canopy came next.The lowest transpiration rate came from the middle and bottom of the inner canopy.The change trends of stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were similar.The yield of centre and bottom of the canopy did not differ greatly and was significantly higher than the top.Fruit quality in different parts of the canopy was good and the difference was not apparent.The mean fruit mass was 263.3-289.2g,fruit index 0.86-0.89,fruit firmness 8.98-9.53kg/cm2,surface blush almost above 90%,soluble solid 14.6% and up to 15.8% at most,titratable acidity 0.29%-0.31%.【Conclusion】High-spindle apple trees were characterized with short canopy,convenient administration,high yield and even distribution in the canopy,good fruit quality and so on.So it is worth popularizing.