Effectiveness of Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin and a Dose of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Preventing Mother-to-infant Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

Objectives To study the effectiveness of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and a dose of hepatitis B vaccine in preventing mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus and to explore the approach of preventing mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis B virus. Methods 319 HBV-positive pregnant women volunteers who were collected from township hospitals in Zengdu area Suizhou,Hubei,were divided into experimental group and control group according to their own inclination.In experimental group which contain 156 cases,the pregnant women were intramuscular injected with HBIG 200 IU and 10μg gene of hepatitis B vaccine at 28,32,36 weeks.The infants were injected with HBIG 100 IU and 5μg of hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth,1-month-old and 6-month-old.In control group which contain 163 cases,only the infants were infected with hepatitis B vaccine 5μg /time within 12h after birth,1-month-old and 6-month-old.In both groups,all infants were followed up to 3 years old.Hepatitis B virus markers were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and HBV-DNA load was evaluated by a highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction assay(Taq PCR). Results The intrauterine infection rate in experimental group was 6.41% which was lower than 16.57% in control group.HBsAb positive rate of neonatal in experimental group was 22.44% which was significantly higher than 4.91% in the control group.After one year,HBV infection rate of the infant was 1.28% in experimental group which was lower than 13.50% in the control group.The HBsAb positive rate of infants in the experimental group was 95.87% which was significantly higher than 88.39% in the control group.After 3 years,HBV infection rate of the infant in the experimental group was lower than the control group1.90%VS14.70%(χ2=36.10,P0.001).There was no significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the HBsAb positive rate. Conclusions Application of hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccine can not only be effective in blocking HBV infection intrauterine and in the growth process,but also improve the response rate of hepatitis B surface antibody of infant which was effective in protecting children's health.