The Detection of Activity for Endophytic Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria in Sugarcane(Saccharrum officinarum L.) by Stem Apical Culture Seedlings

Sugarcane stem apical culture was conducted with introduced varieties 'B1', 'B3', 'B5', and 'B8' from Brazil and domestic varieties 'GT11' and 'ROC16' to investigate the effect of tissue culture on the endophytic nitrogen fixation ability of the plants. The plants derived from stem apical culture that had been cloned for 4 generations were treated with and without nitrogen. The other experiment was conducted by pot culture without nitrogen fertilizer in the greenhouse. The results indicated that the regenerated plants of the tested sugarcane varieties did not lose the biological nitrogen fixation ability after stem apical culture. Under non-nitrogen condition, the nitrogen fixation capacity and growing vitality of the Brazilian varieties 'B1', 'B3', 'B5', and 'B8' were stronger than those of 'GT11' and 'ROC16', and the Brazilian varieties had stronger growing capacity, higher nitrogen content and higher nitrogenase activity, and their symptom of nitrogen deficiency appeared later. In the pot cultivation experiment, the Brazilian varieties showed more stalks, stronger tillering and nitrogenase activity in leaves than 'GT11' and 'ROC16'.