Study on the Comprehensive Drainage Measures and Modes in Irrigated Plain Areas in Xinjiang

Soil salinization is a global problem in agricultural development.The area of croplands with secondary salinization of soil in Xinjiang is as large as 8.29×10~5 hm~2 and occupies 21.9% of the total cropland area.Because of the infrequent precipitation ad violent evaporation in arid areas in Xinjiang,irrigation is the main and even only way of developing agriculture,and secondary salinization of soil occurs easily in large area due to the irrational irrigation.Based on the practical experience and the recently monitored and tested results of water and salt transfer in soil,this paper summarizes the scientific research achievements in the aspects of groundwater exploitation and utilization,irrigation and fertilization in saving way,rational exploitation of land resources,regulation of agricultural structure,etc.some irrigation and drainage measures, such as well irrigation and drainage,well-ditch irrigation and drainage and ditch drainage,are systematically put forward based on the theory of water and salt transfer in soil and the principles of system analysis so as to achieve the sustainable utilization of water and land resources in arid continental river basins.The measures are applicable under the conditions of different morphologic units and different stages of improving salinized or alkalinized soil,and also applicable in dry desalinization and biological desalinization of soil.