Protective action of GM_1 on neuron of hippocampus CA_1 in Aβ-induced rats AD model

Objective To observe the protective action of GM1 on Aβ-induced rats AD model of learning,memory and neuronal damage of hippocampus.Methods Rats were divided randomly into three groups,including saline group,GM1 group and false model group.In order to set up AD rats model,Aβ25~35 was injected into hippocampus CA1 area with a dose of 10μl(1μg/μl)by the method of stereotactic infused.We investigated the rats' spatial discrimination,study and memory ability through water maze experiment.The technique of TUNEL was used to test the cell apoptotic in CA1 area.Western blot method was used to test Bcl-2 and Bax protein express.Results In AD rats' hippocampus CA1 area,we found the neuron apoptosis were obvious and Bax protein express increased.In contrast with the saline group,the hippocampus structure was integrity and the neuron apoptosis was much less,Bcl-2 protein express increased in GM1 group,there was a significant difference(P0.01).When we tested Bax protein with Western blot method,we found that Bax protein express decreased in GM1 group,there was a significant difference(P0.01).We tested the rats with water maze experiment and we found rats'spatial discrimination,study and memory ability of GM1 group was much better than saline group(P0.01).Conclusions GM1 can reduce rats hippocampus neuron apoptosis,protect brain from injury and ameliorate rats'spatial discrimination,study and memory ability.GM1 can increase Bcl-2 express and reduce the Bax.This may be one of the possible mechanisms of its effect of reducing hippocampus neuron apoptosis and protecting brain from injury.