An Overview of Chinese Coastal Wetland and Their Ecosystem Services

Coastal wetlands are an ecological transition zone at the junction of land and sea,with a special hydrology,vegetation,soil characteristics. Coastal wetlands are distributed in nine provinces of China,two municipalities and two special administrative regions. The second national wetland resources survey shows that coastal wetlands area is 5,795,900 hectares,accounting for 12. 42%. Coastal wetlands are primarily distributed in China's eastern coastal areas,which contain abundant natural resources and are important to the ecological environment. China has a long coastline from north to south. But coastal wetland is a vulnerable and sensitive ecological area. Chinese coastal wetlands have been impaired seriously owing to the pressure of population growth,the development of economy and industry,human reclamation and transformation,pollutant emissions,siltation and irrational use of water resources and other reasons. Coastal wetland scientific definition,classification and existing coastal wetland ecosystem services evaluation methods are analyzed. After that,two aspects of static and dynamic evaluation are elaborated to assess the value of coastal wetland ecosystem services. Finally,aiming at the existing coastal wetland ecosystem services research problems,coastal wetland ecosystem services evaluation system,coastal wetland ecological characteristics and ecosystem services inherent mechanism,coastal wetland ecosystem services double counting,mapping and management study should be taken seriously in the future. This work will provide scientific and technological support for China's coastal wetlands protection and management.