Replacement of Fish Meal with Peanut Meal in Diets for White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone)

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of peanut meal as a replacement for fish meal in diets on growth performance,body composition,serum biochemical indices,digestive enzyme activities,and nutrient apparent digestibility of white shrimp(Litopenaeus vannamei Boone).A total of 720 shrimp with an initial body weight of(0.75±0.01) g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 40 shrimp in each replicate.Six kinds of isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were prepared with 0,3.83%,7.65%,11.48%,15.30% and 22.96% peanut meal to replace 0,10%,20%,30%,40% and 60% of protein derived from fish meal,respectively.The feeding experiment lasted for 56 days.The results showed as follows:when the replacement level of fish meal protein with peanut meal was over 10%,weight gain rate,special growth rate and protein efficiency ratio of white shrimp were significantly decreased(P0.05);when the replacement level was over 40%,feed conversion ratio was significantly increased(P0.05).The crude protein content of whole body in shrimp was significantly decreased when the replacement level was over 40% in the diets(P0.05),while the lipid content of whole body in shrimp was significantly increased when the replacement level was over 30% in the diets(P0.05).When the replacement level of fish meal protein with peanut meal was above 20% in the diets,activities of hepatopancreas protease and lipase were significantly decreased(P0.05),while amylase activity was significantly increased(P0.05).Serum total protein and glucose contents were significantly decreased when the replacement level was over 10%(P0.05),and serum total cholesterol content was significantly decreased when the replacement level was over 20%(P0.05),while serum triglycerides content was significantly increased when the replacement level was over 30%(P0.05).The apparent digestibilities of dry matter,protein and energy in control diet were significantly higher than those in other diets(P0.05).Apparent protein digestibility in groups with 10% and 20% replacement levels were higher than those in groups with 40% and 60% replacement levels(P0.05).Apparent digestibilities of lysine,leucine,isoleucine,phenylalanine,valine,threonine,tyrosine,serine,glutamic acid,proline,glycine,alanine and total amine acids in the control diet were significantly higher than those in other diets(P0.05).Apparent digestibilities of methionine,histidine,arginine and aspartate in the control diet and 10% replacement level diet were significantly higher than those in other diets(P0.05),but there was no significant difference between the control diet and 10% replacement level diet(P0.05).However,changes in replacement proportion of peanut meal and fish meal showed no significant effect on survival rate,phosphorus and ash content of whole body in shrimp and lipid apparent digestibility(P0.05).Based on the growth performance and nutrient apparent digestibility,the optimal replacement level of fish meal protein with peanut meal is 10% in the white shrimp basal diet containing 40% crude protein and 30% fish meal.