Histology and histopathology of the spleen in soft-shelled turtle

The spleen in turtle can be divided into capsule and parenchyma, which comprises white pulp and red pulp.The splenic capsule is very thin and the trabecula is very poorly developed.The white pulp comprises periarterial lymphatic sheath.No lymphoid nodules are found in the white pulp.The red pulp is made up of splenic cords and sinuses.The splenic sinused are poorly developed. Blood vessel is swelling in capsule of the spleen in the turtle with disease .The red pulp is enlarged and filled with blood, while white pulp decrease and there are red blood cells in it. The demarcation between white pulp and red pulp is not clear. The splenocyte is degeneration and necrobiosis and no cytoarchitectonic in the turtle with serious disease.