Physiological and Ecological Characteristics and Cultivation Regulation for High and Stable Yield of Super Hybrid Rice

The research progress was summarized in high yielding physiology of super hybrid rice in recent years.Compared with conventional high yielding rice,bigger sink capacity,more dry matter production and accumulation,higher photo-synthetic rate,stronger root system served as super high yielding base for super hybrid rice.However,super hybrid rice was characterized by more nutrition absorption,more nutritional need at middle and late growth stages,more obvious asynchronism in grain filling between superior and inferior spikelets and more restricted ecological adaptation,putting forward a lot of new requirements in cultivation and regulation techniques for high and stable yield.Therefore,these cultivation and regulation techniques should be adopted in production of super hybrids,including planting according to variety and local ecological conditions,sowing at the most fitting time,proper addition of fertilizer application,relative enhancement of fertilizer ratio at booting and grain filling stages,constructing a steady and healthy population,and combing planting density increase for more panicle with controlling tiller number for more productive panicle.At the same time,several problems consist in large area of production,such as weak yield stability,lodging in super high-yielding field,difficulties in co-ordination between high yield and high efficiency,climate change and so on.In order to reply to and solve these problems mentioned above,the research emphases in future should be focused on following cultivation and regulation technique as ecological adaptability,lodging-resistance,high efficiency,and climate change adaptation.