Water balance and water security study in the Haihe basin

The water resource problem in the Haihe basin is very serious.But the water balance issue has not been adequately studied.This paper points out that there are three kinds of water balance issues.The first kind is the precipitation-runoff balance to the total water amount;the second is water supply,water consumption and water discharge balance to the water resource amount;and the third one is the water supply and water demand balance.In the Haihe basin,the reason for unbalanced water supply with water consumption and water discharge is that the water consumption amount caused by non-use factors,such as water evaporation of the rivers,lakes and wetlands as well as other phreatic evaporation has not been quantitatively clarified.Quantitive calculation on status quo of water balance problems is done in this paper.The major factors related to balance are identified as water supply being41billion m 3 ,the amount of water discharged into sea,5-10billion m 3 ,non use water consumption,5.9-7.1billion m 3 ,and water shortage amount is also evaluated.This paper has studied the water use properties in the Haihe basin.The water demand/supply balance is dealt with,especially the water security status of recent years is probed.It is found out that in light of water balance,water supply and water demand was safe in the years of1994-1996,but water supply was not safe in the period of1997-2001.This paper has also proposed the measures to meet water security in the basin and related suggestion has been raised to guarantee this balance.