On the Polarities of Philosophy Again:Mou Zong-san's Theory on Confucianism as a "Moral Religion"
Cheng Zhi-hua
Abstract
Cheng Zhi-hua
Abstract
Philosophy should take up two missions,namely,two polarities :the real concern and the ultimate concern.However,Confucianism pushed away the ultimate concern,the second polarity. But,while the western culture blowing eastward,modern Confucianism has to deal with the issue of religion.In this regard,Mou Tsung-san had a useful exploration about the second polarity:firstly,regardless of religious principles or religious responsibility,Confucianism is a religion.Secondly,because Confucianism does not have the general form of religion,and it emphasizes transcendence and immanence and so on,thus it is a special religion.Thirdly,the focus of Confucianism is placed on the mind and its creation,so it is a moral religion, also a kind of humanistic religion.
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Philosophy should take up two missions,namely,two polarities :the real concern and the ultimate concern.However,Confucianism pushed away the ultimate concern,the second polarity. But,while the western culture blowing eastward,modern Confucianism has to deal with the issue of religion.In this regard,Mou Tsung-san had a useful exploration about the second polarity:firstly,regardless of religious principles or religious responsibility,Confucianism is a religion.Secondly,because Confucianism does not have the general form of religion,and it emphasizes transcendence and immanence and so on,thus it is a special religion.Thirdly,the focus of Confucianism is placed on the mind and its creation,so it is a moral religion, also a kind of humanistic religion.
Key concepts: Immanence, Transcendence (philosophy), Neo-Confucianism, Philosophy, Philosophy of religion, Religious studies, Humanism, Epistemology