Effects of Carbohydrate Composition and Concentration on Anther Culture and Isolated Microspores Culture in Wheat( Triticum aestivum L.)

The carbohydrate composition containing maltose,sucrose and the mixture of maltose and sucrose respectively in induction medium of wheat anther culture were studied.The callus rate induced in medium using maltose as the sole carbohydrate was found to be the highest,followed by that using the mixture of maltose and sucrose,and the callus rate in that using sucrose medium was the lowest.In the whole carbohydrate experiment,the callus rate increased with the increasing of maltose content.The effects of the carbohydrate on callus rate related to their hybolysis products.Maltose was the best carbohydrate in isolated microspores culture.The microspores incubated in other carbohydrate did not form callus.Some of microspores incubated for 3 days in only maltose medium had viability.It was concluded that high concentration of sucrose,glucose and fructose was toxic to the microspores.The initial concentration of glucose up to 2 0 mmol/L resulted in the microspores death.When high concentration of glucose was added after 1 day incubation with moltose,the microspores was still viable.The viability of microspore increased with the incubation time.