Percutaneous nephroscopic pneumatic and ultrasound lithotripsy in treatment of complicated renal calculi under ultrasound guidance

[Objective] To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous nephroscopic pneumatic and ultrasound lithotripsy in treatment of complicated renal calculi under ultrasound guidance. [Methods] From February 2002 to December 2007, 68 cases of complicated renal calculi underwent percutaneous nephroscopic pneumatic and ultrasound lithotripsy at our institute, and the clinical data were retrospectively analysed. [Results] In 68 cases , 64 cases were treated with one-stage operation (88.9%), 8 cases were treated with two-stage (11.1%), of which single channel was used in 68 cases (94.4%), two-channel in 4 cases (5.6%). Complete stone clearance was achieved in 60 renal units, giving an overall clearance rate of 83.3%. The mean operative time was 114 minutes. The duration of hospitalization was 6-10 days with an average of 7.4 days in one-stage stone-free clearance patients. Urinary tract infection ( 38.5℃, 2 days) after operation was seen in 6 patients; Only 1 patient required 400 mL blood transfusion after operation. There was no other complication. [Conclusion] Percutaneous nephroscopic pneumatic and ultrasound lithotripsy is a highly efficient procedure and provides fast and safe stone removal in treatment of complicated renal calculi.