Impacts of Agricultural Activities and Human Disturbances on Characteristics of Wetland Soil in Jianhu Nature Reserve

We analyzed the impacts of agricultural activities, forest vegetation and human disturbances on wetland soil by studying on the soil characteristics of Jianhu nature reserve wetland. The results showed that the reclamation land from marshes in lakeside, disafforestation in catchments and soil utilization in watersheds significantly affected the formation and development of marshes in the area studied. The water area and water demand reduced by 33.34% and 62.95% within 50 years, respectively, and nutrients the soil showed same decreasing trends. The losses of soil nutrients and soil erosion caused by forests destroying and surface pollution caused by fertilizer application in agriculture field were potential threatens for water quality decline, lake water area shrinking and wetland soil degradation to Jianhu wetland, which posed greatly impacts on ecological environment in both nearby regions and down streams of Lancang River.