Protective effect of dexmedetomidine in rats with renal ischemia reperfusion injury

Objective To observe the protective effect of dexmedetomidine in rat with renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Methods SPF male SD rats(n = 40) were randomly divided into four groups: sham group(group S), ischemic reperfusion group(group I /R),dexmedetomidine preconditioning group(group Pre /Dex) and dexmedetomidine post-treatment group(group Post /Dex), 10 rats in each group. Group S was underwent right nephrectomy. An ischemiareperfusion model with group I /R by cutting off the right kidney, and lefting the right one ischemia for 45 min, then transfusing blood for 60 min was built. As for group Pre /Dex,a puncture in the rats' femoral vein, and transfused 1 μg /kg dexmedetomidine for 10 min,followed by infusing 0. 5 μg /kg dexmedetomidine until SMI was made. The study reperfused in the left renal of group Post /Dex, and then infused dexmedetomidine for 30 min. Blood sample was collected in 6 h to detect the density of creatinine and urea; ELISA was used to detect the change of content of IL-1β, TNF-α; Histopathological changes of kidney were observed by using pathological section and HE staining. Results Histopathological observations of kidney showed no obvious change in kidneys of group S; Serious kidney injury was found in group I /R,which showed up as obvious inflammation, tubular dilatation, congestion, edema,g lomerulonephritis; While the kidney injury was significantly alleviated in group Pre /Dex and group Post /Dex, and no serious inflammatory response was detected, and unusual cellular morphology was less. Compared to group S, levels of serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, IL-1β and TNF-α in group I /R,g roup Pre /Dex and group Post /Dex had increased significantly(P 0. 05),which had significantly decreased in group Pre /Dex and group Post /Dex compared to group I /R,while there was no significant difference between group Pre /Dex and group Pos /Dex(P 0. 05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can reduce inflammatory reaction, thus alleviate renal ischemia reperfusion injury and protect kidney to some degree.