Enhancement of heavy metal removal in phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals

Phytoremediation is a promising and environment-friendly method for cleanup of soils contaminated by heavy metals. Heavy metal removal in phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals can be enhanced by means of physics, chemistry and biotechnology. Phytoremediation efficiency has been proved to be elevated through applying some assistant measures, such as fertilization, irrigation, cultivation, additives, biotechnology and so on. Using these measures appropriately is helpful in increasing bioavailability of heavy metal in soils, enhancing growth of hyperaccumulator and improving the environment of plant growing. These measures using in phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils were summarized in this paper for identifying their function. Some promising hyperaccumulators should be paid more attention to further study. Undivided reagent for phytoremediation should be exploited for enhancing removal efficiency of heavy metal from soils. Engineering of phytoremediation will be further developed to dispose soil contamination with heavy metal.