Soil Characteristics and Water Conservation of Different Forest Types in Jinyun Mountain

The soil characteristics and hydrological effects of forest litter were carried out,and the soil of four forest types(mixed wood,broadleaf forest,bamboo forest and shrub forest)in Jinyun mountain of Chongqing city were selected to test their water conservation.The results indicated that organic matter content of shrub forest is 3.75 times than that of bamboo forest,organic matter content of mixed wood is 2.22 times than that of bamboo forest,organic matter content of broadleaf forest is 1.53 times than that of bamboo forest.The litter amount is(16.21)～32.42 t/hm~2.The sequence of maximal litter water retention rate is mixed woodshrub forestbroadleaf forestbamboo forest.The sequence of maximal litter water retention is shrub forestmixed woodbroadleaf forestbamboo forest.The non-capillary holding capacity from high to low is shrub forest(66.2 mm)mixed wood(57.52 mm)broadleaf forest(47.99 mm)bamboo forest(46.98 mm).The saturation holding capacity of shrub forest is 266.48 mm,190.4 mm;in mixed wood,186.8 mm in broadleaf forest,and 174.8 mm in the bamboo forest.The shrub forest and mixed wood have higher water conservation fuction than the bamboo forest.Therefore,it is proposed that in the future the shrub forest and mixed wood should be afforested and managed firstly.