Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity

Habitat fragmentation reduces the total area of original habitat, creates isolated subpopulations, thus disrupting individual behaviour, the exchange of genes between populations, species interaction and ecological processes. The processes of habitat fragmentation cause the changes of biological and non-biological factors, such as foods, breeding place, local microclimate and edge effect etc. These processes affect the size, extinction speed, diffusion, immigration, inherit and variation, viability of plant population, also affect the metapopulation dynamics, suitable habitat proportion, extinction threshold and interspecific interactions of animal population. With the unification of landscape ecology and agriculture, pest management by means of landscape composition will have a new prospect.