Effects of Different Fertilization Modes on Growth Characteristics of Spring-rape(B. napus L.) in Dry Farming Area

[Objective] The aim was to study effects of different fertilization modes on growth characteristics of spring-rape in dry farming area,provide a technical support for its high yield and high efficiency product.[Method] According to the problems of the custom fertilization during planting the spring-rape in dry area of Qinghai Province,3 kinds of fertilization modes,the high yield and high efficiency fertilization mode(129.00 kg/hm2 N+90.00 kg/hm2 P2O5+55.50 kg/hm2 K2O+1 260.00 kg/hm2 organic fertilizer were all used as basic fertilizer),the higher yield fertilization mode(103.50 kg/hm2 N+90.00 kg/hm2 P2O5+55.50 kg/hm2 K2O+1 260.00 kg/hm2 organic fertilizer+0.540 kg/hm2 boron fertilizer+11.100 kg/hm2 sulfur fertilizer were all used as basic fertilizer,34.50 kg/hm2 N was used as additional fertilizer),and the higher yield and high efficiency fertilization mode(151.50 kg/hm2 N+75.00 kg/hm2 P2O5+45.00 kg/hm2 K2O+1 695.00 kg/hm2 organic fertilizer+0.036 kg/hm2 boron fertilizer+0.740 kg/hm2 sulfur fertilizer were all used as basic fertilizer),were designed.And the custom fertilization mode and no fertilization were used as control.The planting pattern of the more high yield and high efficiency fertilization mode was furrow-culture and ridge-covered,that of the others fertilization modes and control were cultivating in the open field.[Result] The results showed that comparing with custom fertilization mode and no fertilizer,3 kinds of fertilization modes enhanced the ability of effective branches of spring-rape,increased its pod numbers and 1 000-grain weight,and significantly increased its yield and water use efficiency.Comparing with custom fertilization mode,the increasing production rates of the high yield and high efficiency fertilization mode,the more high yield fertilization mode and the more high yield and high efficiency fertilization mode were 13.10%,25.00% and 30.95%,respectively,and the water use efficiency increased by 9.31%,25.24% and 48.77% respectively.[Conclusion] Balanced fertilizer can fully exert crops yield potential in dry farming area.