Research progress on therapy for extravasation due to chemotherapy drugs for cancer

Extravasation of chemotherapy drugs for cancer could lead to local skin swelling,burning pain,vesicle,phlebitis,and even tissue necrosis.Moreover,surgical debridement and skin-grafting were needed for serious patients.The degree of injury generally includes local inflammatory response phase,venous inflammatory response phase,and tissue necrosis phase.According to the degree of irritation of issue after extravasation,the chemotherapy drugs could be divided into vesicants,stimulants,and non-stimulants.The drug should be stopped immediately once extravasation occurred.Moreover,aspirating endovascular and extravascular drug and early therapy containing cold compress,fomentation,and wet compress with drug should be given to avoid much serious complications.The important measures of preventing extravasation due to chemotherapy drugs for cancer include strengthening safe medication education for patients and their families and mastering correct method of drug use.