Effects of carbon sequestration in farmland ecosystem on the greenhouse gas emission

Global climate change and destroy of ozonosphere due to Greenhouse gas emission is one of the most critical environmental problems today. As one of the largest and most active carbon pools of the earth surface ecosystem, the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool is not only a main greenhouse gas emission source in the earth which releases methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, but a carbon sink. Thus, it is a important thing to impulse efficient carbon management strategies in agro-ecosystem to mitigate greenhouse effect. Carbon sequestration agriculture has been recognized as the key approaches to sustainable agriculture in developed countries. Currently, researches in soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in soil has been increasing, such as SOC partitioning and binding behavior in soil aggregates (soil particle fractions) by 13C NMR or CPMAS-NMR structure analysis technologies. It has been showed that interaction between microaggregates and mineral-humus-clay complexes is mainly responsible for the stabilization of soil organic carbon. The capacity of carbon storage in soil is also related to the size of micro-aggregates. There is an urgent need to enforce multidisciplinary researches to illustrate the influences of physical, chemical and biological features on the mechanisms of soil carbon sequestration in agricultural soil including soil aggregate, soil structure, nutrition and agriculture practices. Soil organic carbon loss is strongly affected by changes on SOC content, SOC density and vertical distribution which resulted from long-term intensive agriculture and management practices. Land use and management practices that lead to improvement in plant biomass production would likely to increased carbon inputs. Thus, the focuses that the study about the influences of carbon sequestration and soil organic carbon stability should be strengthened were put forward in order to establish reasonable policy of agricultural management, consequently to alleviate greenhouse effect.