Mohnarin Report of 2010:Bacterial Composing and Resistance in Bloodstream Infections

OBJECTIVE To determine the bacterial distribution and resistance of bloodstream infections in China. METHODS Disc diffusion test,MIC test and E-test were used to detect the antimicrobial sensitivity of bacterial isolates from blood and bone marrow cultures.WHONET 5.5 was applied for analyzing the bacterial sensitive data from 59 tertiary Mohnarin member hospitals in China from Jan 1 to Dec 31,2010. RESULTS A total of 9 955 strains were isolated,including 5383 Gram-positive strains(54.0%) and 4572 Gram-negative strains(46.0%).Coagulase-negative staphylococci(CNS,3603 strains,36.2%),Escherichia coli(1834 strains,18.4%),Klebsiella species(801 strains,8.0%),Enterococcus species(683 strains,6.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus(576 strains,5.8%) were the five most common isolates.The detected rates of the meticillin-resistant S.aureus and CNS were 46.4% and 74.5%,respectively.Vancomycin and linezolid-resistant S.aureus and CNS strains were not detected.The resistant rates of Enterococcus faecalium and E.faecium to vancomycin were 1.4% and 5.0%,while to teicoplanin were 1.1% and 4.3%,respectively.Three E.faecium were resistant to linezolid.The positive rates of ESBLs-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae were 70.4% and 52.4%,respectively.Imipenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae kept an upward trend.The resistant rates of Staphylococcus isolated from adults to aminoglycosides and quinolones were significantly higher than those from children. CONCLUSION Staphylococcus,E.coli and Klebsiella are the predominant pathogens causing bloodstream infection in China.The positive rates of ESBLs-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae increased significantly.Resistance to carbapenems in Enterobacteriaceae kept an upward trend.