Characteristics of Soil Erosion by Water Under Different Soil and Water Conservation Measures on Sloping Farmland of Black Soils

Different tillage measures of soil and water conservation,such as ridge tillage,subsoiling,cross-slope cultivation,and no-tillage seeding,are taken to control serious soil erosion on sloping farmland in the arid areas of Northern China.In 2010,the effects of different conservation tillage measures on surface runoff,soil erosion,and rainfall infiltration were studied on a 5° farmland in Dongxing Village,Qiqihar City,Heilongjiang Province.Results showed that all the conservation tillage measures had a certain effect on the reduction in runoff and soil erosion.Cross-slope tillage had the most obvious effect,with which surface runoff and soil erosion were reduced by 92% and 90%,respectively,and stable infiltration rate was increased by 41.2% as contrasted with conventional tillage.Changes in runoff coefficient,sediment concentration in runoff,runoff generation,and sediment yield under the different conservation tillage measures were all consistent with the order of cross-slope no-tillage cross-slope cultivation subsoiling and ridge tillage ridge tillage less tillage and subsoiling no-tillage conventional tillage bare land.