Labor as Viewed in Philosophy and Economics——A Micro-study of Hegelian Heritage to Marxist Theory

As a major theoretical issue, labor is a consequence of the modern capitalist development. From labor value theory of classical political economy and Hegel's dialectics of labor to Marxist labor theory of alienation, there exists a profound relationship of ideological inheritance. In a word, the classical political economy of labor pioneers to expose what social history is, so as to demonstrate the western capitalist spirit at its rising age, and Hegel turns it into a philosophic issue of modernity, further describing the structure and conflicts of modern civil society; Eventually, Marx develops the labor theory into a critical philosophy, making possible a thorough negation of capitalism. In the totality of Marx' theories, the philosophy of labor and the economic concept of production present two different realities: ideal society and realistic criticism.