Experimental epidemiologic study on the prevention of maternal-infant hepatitis B virus vertical transmission by immuno-prophylaxis

Objective To observe the effect of the application of hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin for blocking the maternal-infant infection,and compare the blocking effect of different methods,so as to find out the best way for hepatitis B immuno-prophylaxis.Methods Experimental epidemiologic method was used to screen the pregnant women infected with hepatitis B virus.The infants whose mothers with infected hepatitis B virus were randomly divided into 2 groups,hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B specific immune globulin were used in one group,while the other group,only hepatitis B vaccine was used.In both groups of pregnant women,there were some individuals using hepatitis B specific immune globulin in the late pregnancy.In the 0-,1-and 2-year groups,hepatitis B virus-related markers were detected.In the 3 year-group,HBV-DNA was detected for the infants whose hepatitis B virus-related markers were positive at the age of 2 years.Results 128 cases of children completed the experiment,hepatitis B antibody positive conversion rate was 97%,infection rate was 3.1%.The children,whose mother used hepatitis B specific immune globulin in the late pregnancy,the infection rate was 3.57%.However,the children whose mother did not receive hepatitis B specific immune globulin in the late pregnancy,the infection rate was 3%.The infection rate of the group of infants,who only received hepatitis B vaccine,was 4.23%.Besides,the infection rate of the group of infants using hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune specific globulin was 1.75%.Conclusions The effect of the present hepatitis B vaccination program for blocking maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis B in our country is significant.But the blocking effectiveness for the pregnant women is not significant.Therefore,the use of hepatitis B immune specific globulin may not be necessary for the pregnant women.