Investigation of Bone Tissue Microstructure and Indirect Fabrication of Biomimetic Scaffold via Stereolithography

Microstructure of bone tissue was observed and analyzed to guide the design of internal microchannel architectures for scaffold.CAD,reverse engineering and rapid prototyping techniques were combined to fabricate bioactive scaffold with biomimetic structure.Histologic sections of bone tissue were observed to obtain the microstructure of bone tissue.3D reconstructions and designs were conducted.The corresponding mold was fabricated using stereolithography.Calcium phosphate cement(CPC) was cast into the mold and the bioactive scaffold with biomimetic structure was achieved after sintered.The scaffold represented the design,and its dimensions were remarkably consistent.X-ray powder diffraction(XRD) analysis showed that the main components of CPC were hydroxyapatite with low crystallinity before pyrolysis and with high crystallinity after pyrolysis.In vitro experiments revealed that scaffold was non-cytotoxic and supported cell adhesion,proliferation and viability.