On Structure and Diversity of Bird Community in South Dongting Lake Wetland of Hunan Province

A stedy has been made on bird resources of South Dongting Lake wetland by the investigation from may 2005 to Apr.2007,and the results show that there are 164 species of 96 genera of 42 families of 16 orders of birds in South Dongting wetland of Hunan province,of which birds of Palearctic realm have 87 species(birds of Nearctic realm have 1species),birds of Oriental realm have 43 species,birds of wide distribution have 33 species;of which birds of passage or migrant in winter have 84 species,resident birds,38 species,and birds of passage in summer,30 species;of which 6 species belong to first class protected birds and 29 species belong to the second class protected birds in China.The water bird resources of South Dongting Lake are especially abundant,the species and amount of which have distinctly seasonal change.These are more winter birds of a whole year in water bird species and amount,and less summer birds.The habitat diversity of South Dongting Lake has a high degree,the birds diversity index is on the high side,reaching 3.991 0.But the uniformity index is on the low side of 0.542 4,that is associated with interference of human factor in wetland environment and birds of South Dongting Lake.The paper analyzed wetland bird biodiversity summarizes the state of survival,types and distribution of the South Dongting Lake,and finally puts forward to prospect for investigation in wetland bird diversity so as to provide setentific gist for protecting wetland bird resource and ecological environment.