Surface Drinking Water Source Safety Index and Water Source Rapid Assessment Method

Protection of drinking water source is major issue for national economy and people's livelihood.It is the basis for protection of drinking water to monitor and evaluate the drinking water source.Timeliness is not good and workload is huge when using usually investigation method namely bottom to top monitoring.Drinking water source safety index was proposed,based on use of surface water monitoring data and remote sensing data with high temporal/spatial resolution and wide coverage in the perspective of their strengths,to achieve fast dynamic monitoring of drinking water sources.Through monitoring for water quality,water quantity,water environment,environmental safety supervision,drinking water source safety is assessed through the proposed index system,fuzzy mathematical method,level of analysis and water source safety index.It is feasible to achieve a comprehensive and timely monitoring for surface drinking water source,which is important for management.Based on understanding the overall safety of drinking water source,security risks can be recognized and reasonable control measures to protect water sources can be adopted.Miyun Reservoir watershed was taken as a case study to validate the proposed method.